Do new job tools improve women's performance in male-dominated fields? Evidence from robotic surgery

We all are likely to underestimate the daunting physical barriers faced by female employees due to the prevalence of working tools designed for men, but previous research has documented such an effect in various sectors. In construction, where the majority of the tools are sized for a man of average stature, for example, musculoskeletal disorders are common among female workers. In the U.S. military, weapons systems were required to accommodate a user with 5th to 95th male percentile body dimensions, which prevented many women from flying fighter planes.